Monday, May 31, 2010

Cloudy Computing with a Chance of Services


Illustration from Infreemation

Today's computing perspective has shifts to a new edge where resources especially information is shared through a very large and unlimited network of internet. All computer scientists are already aware (or at least realize the situation) of the computing evolution starting from stone-aged batch computing to the well-known mainframe and client-server architecture, just before the internet is introduced and become one of necessities in our life nowadays. Eventually, people who are severely use the internet facility, specifically, to their everyday businesses, understand the important of this technology and starting to explore the essential part of their major activity - service. From this starting point, the cloud computing has become the recently 'new kid in the block' which most people would like to think the technology that may change the world entirely.

In general, cloud computing technology do not provide physical infrastructures to its customers. This means that there are no more paying any hosting servers from third-party companies. Instead, this technology utilizes a same model that people already use in utility services such as electricity, room renting and prepaid billing. In other words, those who use this technology are only subscribe for the resource that he or she need only (so, we only need to spend for the service that we use). In the technical point of view, a large number of intangible computer resource sharing are exploited which consequently produce a very high computing power that manage to support high computational burden. Moreover, increased high-speed bandwidth provides valuable aid in order to improve and maintain the communication of different nodes (particularly for a network of computer nodes that link from diverse regions). This is an important point due to the fact that this technology is built in an architecture that involves communication over application programming interfaces (APIs) for instance web services.

Now, let us see how actually cloud computing is so related to services. In this part, it would be more appropriate if we can see through applications that we used everyday so that we can see (or at least imagine) how this technology is very near to and important for us. Cloud computing composes three main service models: cloud software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). SaaS is the nearest model to everyday use applications such e-mails, online shops and social networking. Thus, this model deals with the use of browser-level applications without concerning or perhaps need users to manage cloud infrastructures including storage and operational systems. On the other hand, PaaS is much a like utilizing services such provided by well-known giant Google in implementing the cloud infrastructures. One of the great example is a bag-full set of Google applications (Maps, Calendar etc) that can be embedded into users applications (hand phones, even personal websites). Last but not least is IaaS which implemented greatly by people who involves in serious works such as researches and big-budget projects. This is due to the fact that this model provides capability to exploit infrastructures that permits users to develop applications that may use the processing power of the large scale computing facility. For instance, many bioinformatics projects deals with high dimensional dataset and diverse possibility results that require development of high computing applications. In addition, graphic visualization and animation industry such as Malaysia's most popular 3D cartoon, Upin and Ipin, and a number of online games developed by companies from Taiwan and Korea are usually make use this model very well.

The Rise of Synthetic Biology: Human-made cell version 1.0




Recently, scientists at
J. Craig Venter Institute, led by genetics pioneer, Dr. Craig Venter himself, have successfully created a very first synthetic bacteria cell that can survive and replicate itself based on an artificial DNA sequence which may lead to the production of advanced artificial life (Hornyak, Crave CNET News, 2010: article). This synthetic cell, which named Mycoplasma mycoides JCVI-syn1.0, is produced from Mycoplasma capricolumgenetic code formed by millions of DNA base pair, sequenced as chemical DNA fragments together with yeast and
E.coli bacteria and then injected to empty Mycoplasma mycoides bacteria (see video). Many articles discussing about this breakthrough have suggested that this remarkable finding may led to more outstanding discoveries not only to global health care, especially in vaccine, but also may contribute to sustainable environment and technology.